Strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site |
Location: |
Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal |
Geographic coordinates: |
16 00 N, 24 00 W |
Area: |
total: 4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km
Size comparison: slightly larger than Rhode Island |
Land Boundaries: |
0 km |
Coastline: |
965 km |
Maritime claims: |
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
Climate: |
temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic |
Terrain: |
steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic |
Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island) |
Natural resources: |
salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish, clay, gypsum |
Land use: |
arable land: 11.41% permanent crops: 0.74% other: 87.85% (2005) |
Irrigated land: |
30 sq km (2003) |
Natural hazards: |
prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active |
Current Environment Issues: |
soil erosion; deforestation due to demand for wood used as fuel; water shortages; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing |
International Environment Agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |